Archive for July, 2011
Language Story in Former SFRY
Serbia and Montenegro became the official title of the state as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the evolution of transformation of the country formerly known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the biggest descendant of the dissolved Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia and consists of two republics: Serbia and Montenegro.
Inside Serbia, there are two quasi-independent regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo was under the protectorate of the UN since 1999. Linguistic policy and manipulations of time, official standards and names of different tongues played a vital part in the numerous ethnical unrests that took place from 1990 till 1999 and it is still a very delicate issue in the whole territory of the peninsula. Quality Translate from Italian to English
The state language of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the area of Serbia aside from Kosovo, or 88% of the population); an equal legal status is given to both the Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet, although the former is favored for Serbian state administration. Less spread languages, that are also in official disposal in the parts where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census info of the StatsOffice of the Republic of Serbia, estimated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 people), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 speakers), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 speakers), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Local languages are used at every stages of upbringing: in primary schools, gymnasiums, and at colleges and universities. The first linguistic effect of the political and ethnic processes of the last decade of XX century is that the language that used to be officially named Serbo-Croat has received several new ethnically and politically grounded names. Thus, the titles Bosnian, Croat and Serbianare politically engaged and refer to the same language with possible slight variations. The language has a couple major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
But, as a rule, Ekavian is spoken more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these variations do not coincide with the nationally motivated titles.
The linguistic map in Kosovo is less clear at present, because about 300 000 refugees from this region, predominantly Serbs, are still on the stage of returning to their homes. This situation makes the numbers of speakers reported unpredictable. These days, by the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the inhabitants of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The remains of the people (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: from English into Greek translation
The title language of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are modern tendencies to enter the name Montenegrin, either equal to or as a replacement to the name Serbian. Just as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term refers to the same language that was called Serbo-Croat, and is rather a subject of political decisions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Montenegro show that around 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, declare themselves as natives of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, some 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and about 3000 speak other languages.
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